The Dangers in the Job Professional Journalism in...

Since 1992, the beginning of the many conflicts in Syria, at least 54 reporters have lost their lives, as recently stated by the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ). In just this year alone, a total of 21 have been killed. However, there is some discrepancy in the exact number of deaths collected by different associations. Reporters Without Borders (RWB) puts the figures more around 120, just in the past 3 years. This is because of the ambiguous characterization of a journalist. Some of the news from Syria is being gathered by citizen journalists, or amateurs. The threat of abduction or even death is discouraging international reporters from entering the country, leaving the work to the local Syrians. So whether it was 54 or 120†¦show more content†¦Examples include the Osama bin Laden raid or the Hudson River plane crash. When a native Pakistani, Sohaib Athar, tweeted his observations of the attack on Osama bin Ladens compound, a discussion sprang up about whether it qualifies as journalism or not. As I see this, the tweets would be considered citizen journalism, where someone happens to be in the right place at the right time. Athar observed something unusual, told others about it, and shared new information as he learned it. As for the plane that landed in the Hudson River, Janis Krums posted one of the first photos of the US Airways Flight 1549 through Twitter as well. He tweeted, Theres a plane in the Hudson. Im on the ferry going to pick up the people. Crazy. Twitter broke the news an entire 15 minutes before any mainstream media got the chance, a window of time that some say is way too long. As good as it might sound, not all 140 characters of a Twitter story should be trusted. Because anyone and everyone can report news, theres always someone out there trying to trick the world into believing the most outrageous things. According to a report by Social Media Today, almost half (49.1%) of online users have heard breaking news via social media that ended up being completely false. An example of this would be some of the many phony tweets about Hurricane Sandy. As the world was trying to find information about the damage Hurricane Sandy caused to the east coast, misinformation spreadShow MoreRelatedMoral Difficulties Involved in War Reporting3407 Words   |  14 Pagesand Utilitarianism to the ethical dilemma†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦page 8 Conclusion†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦page 10 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...page 11 Introduction Journalists covering wars and conflicts are faced with numerous ethical dilemmas regarding professional codes of conduct, laws regulating national security and personal commitments to ideals such as the public’s right to know, and acting as the fourth estate (with the first three estates being the executive, legislativeRead MoreThe Rise of Social Media and Its Impact on Mainstream Journalism21031 Words   |  85 PagesWORKING PAPER e rise of social media and its impact on mainstream journalism: A study of how newspapers and broadcasters in the UK and US are responding to a wave of participatory social media, and a historic shi in control towards individual consumers. 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I first chose examine Daniel Lerners development continuum, and this as a reference point, to discuss the role mass media plays in globalRead MoreRole of Media in Tourism9761 Words   |  40 Pagesof   media   effects   by   the   new   technologies   on   the   development   of   culture   in   the   African   countries;   and   (4)   to   discuss   appropriate   media   communications   technology   options      for      promoting   sustainable   tourism,   peace   and   conflict   resolution   ,   cultural   competence  and  inter†cultural  communications  in  Africa  .The  presentation  of  the  paper   is   informed   by   the   relevant   theoreti cal   and   conceptual   framework,   reviews   of   national   service   statistics,   relevant   national  Read MoreRole of Media in Pakistan5662 Words   |  23 Pagesand many other reasons, their publication did not continue i.e. Roshni, inqallqb, musalman. 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Psychoactive Drugs and Their Effects Free Essays

Psychology Psychoactive Drugs and their Effects Medications that effect people psychologically are called psychoactive drugs. They are often helpful in treating depression, anxiety, insomnia, and other psychological complications. Psychoactive drugs don’t affect the underlying causes of these disorders, but they can provide symptomatic relief to allow people to live more normal lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychoactive Drugs and Their Effects or any similar topic only for you Order Now Anxiety can be defined as persistent nervousness, tension, or panic caused by stress or other psychological causes. Anti-anxiety drugs (also know as minor tranquilizers) are used to promote relaxation or reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety. Everyone feels depressed at times, but when it is prolonged and starts interfering with daily life, support, professional help, and psychoactive medications may be appropriate. Insomnia has many causes, including anxiety and depression. When the cause is known and can be treated, sleep patterns generally return to normal. When the insomnia is persistent, sleeping drugs may be appropriate. Drugs are classified according to their effects and actions on the mind and body. Example: Depressants, Hallucinogens, opiates and stimulants. Depressants (sometimes called downers) are a class of drugs that slow normal brain function. It acts on the central nervous system because of this effect on GABA activity that produces a drowsy or calming effect. GABA works to decrease brain activity. Depressants also carry high addictive potential. The withdrawal effects from long-term depressant use can be life- threatening and produce some of the worst consequences of any other drug classifications. Examples: alcohol, Valium, Xanax, Librium, and barbiturates. Hallucinogens (commonly referred to as Psychedelics) are drugs which cause altered perception and feeling. Hallucinogens have powerful mind –altering effects and can change how the brain perceives times, everyday reality, and the surrounding environment. They affect regions of the brain that are responsible for coordination, thought processes, hearing and sight. They can cause sensory or perceptual distortions in people to hear voices, see things, and feel sensations that do not exist. Hallucinogens change the way the brain works by changing the way nerve cells communicate with one another. Hallucinogens possess a moderate potential for addiction with very high potential for tolerance, moderate level of psychological dependence and low potential for physical dependence. Examples: LSD, PCP, MDMA,(Ecstasy), marijuana, mescaline, and psilocybin. Opiates (or narcotics) are powerful painkillers. They are made from opium, a white liquid in the poppy plant. Opiates produce a quick, intense feeling of pleasure followed by a sense of well being and calm. Long-term opiate use changes the way the brain works by changing the way nerve cells communicate with one another. If opiates are taken away from opiate-dependant brain cells, many of them will become overactive. As with many other drugs, opiates possess very addictive potential. Examples: heroin, morphine, codeine, Oxycontin. Stimulants (uppers) are a class of drugs that elevate mood, increase feelings of well-being, and increase energy and alertness. Stimulants can cause the heart to beat faster and will also cause blood pressure and breathing to evaluate. Repeated use of stimulants can result in paranoia and hostility. As with other drugs, stimulants possess very high addictive potential. Examples: cocaine, methamphetamine, amphetamine, MDMA (Ecstasy), nicotine and caffeine. Drug Abuse generally refers to drug taking that cause emotional or physical harm to one self or others example, operating machinery or driving a vehicle, while â€Å"under the influence† of alcohol. Addiction is a broad term referring to a condition in which a person feels compelled to use a specific drug. Drug addiction can be psychological, physical or both. Drug addiction is not the same as substance abuse or drug abuse. A Individual who abuse drugs are not necessarily drug dependent, people who are addicted to drugs, conversely are also called drug abusers. How to cite Psychoactive Drugs and Their Effects, Papers

Network Infrastructure Planning and Maintenance †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Network Infrastructure Planning and Maintenance. Answer: Introduction: This report is about a Cookies Company which is a store chain for the cookies around the country and is currently experiencing network problems such as slow connectivity of the data network, unreliable and distorted voice calls. This is a challenging situation for both customers and staff, so there is need for a solution that can maintain its reputation for the provision of the experience of the customers that is elevated. The company decided to dump the current IT infrastructure and fresh designs were introduced that would connect the staff, branches and every device. Three topics are discussed for the possible solutions. This is a software and hardware resource of the entire network that enables network communication, connectivity, management and operation of the enterprise network. It gives the paths of the communication between applications, processes, services, users and internet and the external network(Aagesen, 2014). Network convergence is the provision video, telephone and data service communication within a single network.it is driven by the demand and technological development. This will allow the cookie company to access a wider range of services through connecting the head office and branches. They will also be able to choose those to provide services, adapt to the new models of the business, enter new markets and gives the services of innovation. Customers of the cookies company will be able to enjoy video chatting, voice calling, interactive internet and television. The services that the cookies company will be enjoying through network convergence are home shopping and banking through internet, online services and webcasting of the news concert and services of the audiovisual(Bertot, 2015). The unified communication is the integration of the communication services like presence information, instant messaging, video and data sharing, audio, and video conferencing within non-real time services of communication. The customers, branches, and head offices of Cookies Company will be able to send a message on one medium and receive to another medium of the same message. Like they will be able to receive a message of voicemail and devise to access it through cell phone of the mail. Also in an emergency, the ability to communicate notifications and instruction of the damage mitigation and lifesaving is enhanced(Dempsey, 2012). Types of LAN and the cabling plan of the head office and branches Local area network is a computer network that interconnects the computer within an area that is limited like residence, and building, like in this situation it will connect the staff, branches and the offices of the cookies company. Most of the technologies used in the local area network are like Ethernet and Wi-Fi. The historical technologies comprise the token ring, apple talk and ARCNET. A structured cabling plan will give the guidelines for the cookies company by providing installation, repair and maintenance of the network. 10BASE-T and the structured cablings are most of the LAN that is used today and can be applied to the cookies company, also, the fibre optics cabling is very common for the links staffs, offices and branches(Dempsey, 2012). A wide area network is a computer network that extends over a large area. It can be used in the cookies company to relay data from the head office to the branches and also to customers. Many technologies are available in the wide area links of the network. Examples are the transmission of radio waves, circuit telephone lines and the optic fibre.it is connected all over the world. Their transmission rate is very high and a new laser was developed that multiplies transfer speed over the optic fibre. When these two technologies are combined in the cookies company it can help customers, head office and its branches since the transfer speed can be higher. Types of WAN are, cable modem, DLS, ISDN, SONET, SD-WAN, frame relay, X.25, leased line and dial-up(Devdas Shetty, 2013). Transmission devices use many ways to communicate. They use wireless or wired transmission media. Wired transmission devices are the connection between the devices that are electronic using the methods that are physical. The examples of the wired transmission devices are the coaxial cable that carries the current of electricity at a frequency of the radio. Is used for the broadband internet and cable television. The fibre optic cable that has many glass fibre for light transmission and lastly a twisted pair that is made of pairs of wire that are twisted around each other(Foust, 2013). Wireless transmission devices transmit network data without the physical contact. The methods are: radio waves that are used in the LAN without wires using frequencies and transmission of satellites to the stationary station of the earth. Microwave transmit data up to fifty kilometers but it cannot get through or around the objects. Infrared waves used in the control of the devices or the remote that need to communicate over the short distance the technologies of the wireless. Transmission devices are Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, these can be used in the cookies company. The various connecting devices that can be employed in the cookies company can be router, repeater, hub, bridge and switch(Iniewski, 2014). IP and DNS management The ability to discover the whole network automatically is the key to visibility issue solving. The IP management allows the discovery of the network by scanning many IPs and discovers devices that are new in the network to build a picture of the IP space that is deployed. The IP management will help the cookies company by resolving the IP conflict, detect the IPs that are stale and are not in use and reassign them, reconcile the IP without the deployment of information of the real world(Iniewski, 2014). A global DNS software of management manages many bind servers, the resource creation record of the DNS and the software for management. These scalable, secure, and software of multi-platform can be used together. The DNS ensures the integrity and security of the data, allows the branches and head office of the cookies to give the available blocks through the portal, provides good performance and create and manage domains easily with the features like the wizards and templates(Janschek, 2011). The network service is the application running at the layer of the network application that gives storage of the data, presentation, communication and manipulation or other capacity implemented using peer to peer or the client-server architecture based on the network protocols of the application layers. every service is normally given by the component of the server running or more or one serves computer and accessed through the network by the component of the client that on other device running. Both the server component and client may run on the same machine(Aagesen, 2014). Examples are the domain name system that translates the names of the domain to the protocol of the internet address and the dynamic host configuration protocol whose function is to assign the configuration of the network information to the network host. the cookies company will be able to identify the authenticate users through the server of the authentication, also will be providing the account profile of the user, and the usage statics can be logged in. other services of the network are video over IP, world wide web, web services, intranet, extranet, email, file server, video on demand, video on telephony, instant messaging, wireless sensor network and directory services(Bertot, 2015). Data processing system is the combination of the people, machine and processes that for the input set gives the output sets. Input and outputs are known as information, data and facts. The cookies company will be able to converse, sort, summarize, aggregate, analyses, and validate data(Dempsey, 2012). The magnetic tape deck, drums, printers, discs, paper tapes output and input and cards need a space in the accommodations that are constructed especially with the air conditioner. These represent the card input to the computer that reduces the time for sorting large amount of the data. The cookies company can use the data storages that is standardized. The relational database are developed by the suppliers in different convention and format. Common files can be shared between the head office and the branches to allow online, validation and real input time(Bertot, 2015) Storage area network provides the access to consolidated, and data storage of the block level. They are used in the enhancement of the storage devices. The company will be able to allow server to boot from SAN and will be able to enable the process of the disaster recovery. Cloud and data centre and distributed database Cloud is a form of off-premise computing that store data on the internet whereas data centre is the hardware of the on-premise that store data within the local network of the organization. The cookies company will be able to access the stored information and apps through the data centre and also with the internet connection they will be able to access the companies' information. A distributed database is where the devices of the storage are not attached to the common processor(Iniewski, 2014). A data processing model organizes data elements and standardizes on their relation to one another and the entities of real-world entities. It supports the system of information development and gives the format and definition of data(Foust, 2013). This is the technology that allows the sharing of MP3s.and enable the free downloads of the music. The p2p network can help the cookies company to facilitate audit in the accounting C/S that includes the exchange of clients information and work paper between the laptops or from their head office to the branches. The company can also use peer to peer as a workstation for the user in the office, and with client, server request is able to be accommodated any time(Iniewski, 2014) Conclusion Through all these technologies, when employed by the cookies company then the productivity and operations will be high. The network infrastructure is a software and a hardware resources of the entire network that enable network communication, connectivity, management and operation of the enterprise network The network service is the application running at the layer of the network application that gives storage of the data, presentation, communication and manipulation or other capacity implemented using peer to peer or the client-server architecture based on the network protocols of the application layers. Data processing system is the combination of the people, machine and processes that for the input set gives the output sets. Bibliography Aagesen, F. A., 2014. Networked Services and Applications. Paris: Springer. Bender, M., 2015. Network Infrastructure Configuration. Michigan: Cengage Learning. Bertot, J. C., 2015. Planning and Evaluating Library Networked Services and Resources. Michigan: Libraries Unlimited, Bertot, J. C., 2015. Statistics and Performance Measures for Public Library Networked Services. New York: American Library Association. Dempsey, L., 2012. The Network Reshapes the Library: Lorcan Dempsey on Libraries, Services and Networks. Toledo: American Library Association. Devdas Shetty, R. A. K., 2013. Mechatronics System Design, SI Version. Michigan: Cengage Learning. Foust, M., 2013. Network Infrastructure Planning and Maintenance Study Guide. New York: John Wiley Sons. Iniewski, K., 2014. Network Infrastructure and Architecture. Toledo: John Wiley Sons. Janschek, K., 2011. Mechatronic Systems Design: Methods, Models, Concepts. New York: Springer Science Business Media. Kevin C. Craig, F. R. S., 2015. Introduction to Mechatronic System Design with Applications: Course Book. Moscow: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. LANWrights, 2012. MCSE Windows Server 2003 Network Infrastructure. Colorado: Que Publishing. Noonan, W. J., 2016. Hardening Network Infrastructure. Michigan: McGraw Hill Professional. Price, B., 2016. Directory and Network Infrastructure Design Study Guide. New York: John Wiley Sons. Roussos, G., 2011. Networked RFID: Systems, Software and Services. Colorado: Springer Science Business Media. Wong, A., 2015. Network Infrastructure Security. Michigan: Springer Science Business Media.